Java Mixed-Mode Flame Graphs

Recently, I wrote a blog post on "Java CPU Flame Graphs". That blog post shows how to use Linux perf_events to generate Java Mixed-Mode Flame Graphs.

With Java Profilers, we can get information about Java process only. However with Java Mixed-Mode Flame Graphs, we can see how much CPU time is spent in Java methods, system libraries and the kernel. Mixed-mode means that the Flame Graph shows profile information from both system code paths and Java code paths.

This is sometimes very important to identify performance issues. For more information, see Java in Flames and New JVM Option Enables Generation of Mixed-Mode Flame Graphs

In this blog post, I'm using a sample high cpu consuming Java Program with Java 8 Update 60.

$ mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.3.3 (7994120775791599e205a5524ec3e0dfe41d4a06; 2015-04-22T17:27:37+05:30)
Maven home: /usr/local/apache-maven/apache-maven-3.3.3
Java version: 1.8.0_60, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_60/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.19.0-28-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

$ git clone https://github.com/chrishantha/sample-java-programs.git
$ cd sample-java-programs
$ mvn clean install

Java Flame Graph using Java Flight Recorder


 I ran the highcpu program for a minute.

$ java -XX:+UnlockCommercialFeatures -XX:+FlightRecorder -XX:FlightRecorderOptions=defaultrecording=true,settings=profile,disk=true,repository=./tmp,dumponexit=true,dumponexitpath=./ -jar highcpu/target/highcpu-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --exit-timeout 60

I used my "jfr-flame-graph" software to generate the flame graph.

jfr-flame-graph$ ./run.sh -i -f ../sample-java-programs/hotspot-pid-30716-id-0-2015_09_14_19_01_38.jfr -o /tmp/output.txt
$ cat /tmp/output.txt | ~/performance/brendangregg-git/FlameGraph/flamegraph.pl --width 1680 > /tmp/highcpu-jfr.svg


Flame Graph Reset Zoom Search oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator.getDefault(com.oracle.jrockit.jfr.EventInfo) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigDecimal.(init)(java.lang.String) (527 samples, 14.53%) java.mat.. java.math.BigInteger.add(int[], long) (2 samples, 0.06%) com.github.chrishantha.sample.highcpu.MathWorker.run() (2,462 samples, 67.86%) com.github.chrishantha.sample.highcpu.MathWorker.. java.math.BigDecimal.add(long, int, java.math.BigInteger, int) (132 samples, 3.64%) java.math.BigDecimal.add(long, int, long, int) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.util.Arrays.copyOfRange(char[], int, int) (5 samples, 0.14%) com.github.chrishantha.sample.highcpu.HashingWorker.run() (1,165 samples, 32.11%) com.github.chrishantha.. java.util.UUID.toString() (49 samples, 1.35%) java.lang.Long.toUnsignedString0(long, int) (5 samples, 0.14%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.JFRImpl.cloneRecording(oracle.jrockit.jfr.Recording, java.lang.String, boolean) (1 samples, 0.03%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator.updateDefaults(java.util.Collection) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.security.SecureRandom.nextBytes(byte[]) (530 samples, 14.61%) java.sec.. sun.security.provider.SHA.implDigest(byte[], int) (46 samples, 1.27%) sun.security.provider.ByteArrayAccess.b2iBig64(byte[], int, int[]) (4 samples, 0.11%) java.util.Random.nextDouble() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.StringBuilder.toString() (6 samples, 0.17%) java.lang.String.equals(java.lang.Object) (1 samples, 0.03%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.JFRImpl.dumpOnExit() (1 samples, 0.03%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator.mergeDefaults(java.util.Collection, java.util.Map) (1 samples, 0.03%) sun.security.provider.NativePRNG$RandomIO.ensureBufferValid() (3 samples, 0.08%) java.util.UUID.randomUUID() (531 samples, 14.64%) java.uti.. sun.security.jca.GetInstance.getInstance(java.security.Provider$Service, java.lang.Class) (1 samples, 0.03%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.toJavaFormatString(double) (1,312 samples, 36.16%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal... java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.(init)(int) (43 samples, 1.19%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer.getChars(char[]) (45 samples, 1.24%) java.security.Security.getImpl(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.String.(init)(char[], int, int) (5 samples, 0.14%) java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.ensureCapacityInternal(int) (211 samples, 5.82%) ja.. java.lang.Long.toHexString(long) (5 samples, 0.14%) sun.security.provider.SecureRandom.updateState(byte[], byte[]) (1 samples, 0.03%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer.toJavaFormatString() (57 samples, 1.57%) all (3,628 samples, 100%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.getBinaryToASCIIConverter(double) (1,254 samples, 34.56%) sun.misc.FloatingDecima.. java.security.MessageDigest.getInstance(java.lang.String) (1 samples, 0.03%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.getBinaryToASCIIConverter(double, boolean) (1,254 samples, 34.56%) sun.misc.FloatingDecima.. java.util.Random.nextInt(int) (2 samples, 0.06%) java.util.Arrays.copyOfRange(char[], int, int) (2 samples, 0.06%) sun.security.provider.SHA.implCompress(byte[], int) (16 samples, 0.44%) sun.security.provider.ByteArrayAccess.i2bBig4(int, byte[], int) (13 samples, 0.36%) java.util.Arrays.copyOf(char[], int) (211 samples, 5.82%) ja.. java.math.BigDecimal.subtract(java.math.BigDecimal) (134 samples, 3.69%) sun.nio.cs.UTF_8$Encoder.encode(char[], int, int, byte[]) (4 samples, 0.11%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator.copy(oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator) (1 samples, 0.03%) com.oracle.jrockit.jfr.DurationEvent.begin() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.util.UUID.digits(long, int) (5 samples, 0.14%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer.dtoa(int, long, int, boolean) (1,111 samples, 30.62%) sun.misc.FloatingDec.. sun.security.provider.DigestBase.engineDigest(byte[], int, int) (46 samples, 1.27%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.JFR$2.run() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.String.getBytes() (4 samples, 0.11%) java.security.MessageDigest.update(byte[]) (16 samples, 0.44%) java.math.BigDecimal.add(long, int, java.math.BigInteger, int) (136 samples, 3.75%) java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.expandCapacity(int) (211 samples, 5.82%) ja.. java.math.BigDecimal.(init)(char[], int, int) (527 samples, 14.53%) java.mat.. java.math.BigInteger.compareMagnitude(long) (41 samples, 1.13%) java.lang.Long.formatUnsignedLong(long, int, char[], int, int) (5 samples, 0.14%) java.io.FileInputStream.read(byte[], int, int) (2 samples, 0.06%) sun.security.provider.ByteArrayAccess.b2iBig64(byte[], int, int[]) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.security.MessageDigest.digest() (46 samples, 1.27%) sun.security.provider.NativePRNG$RandomIO.access$400(sun.security.provider.NativePRNG$RandomIO, byte[]) (499 samples, 13.75%) sun.secu.. java.security.MessageDigest$Delegate.engineDigest() (46 samples, 1.27%) java.math.BigDecimal.add(long, long, int) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigInteger.compareMagnitude(long) (86 samples, 2.37%) sun.security.provider.DigestBase.engineDigest() (46 samples, 1.27%) java.math.BigDecimal.(init)(char[], int, int, java.math.MathContext) (442 samples, 12.18%) java.ma.. java.lang.ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap.getEntry(java.lang.ThreadLocal) (42 samples, 1.16%) sun.security.provider.DigestBase.engineUpdate(byte[], int, int) (16 samples, 0.44%) java.lang.StringBuilder.append(java.lang.String) (224 samples, 6.17%) ja.. java.lang.Math.atan(double) (336 samples, 9.26%) java.. sun.misc.FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer.access$100(sun.misc.FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer, int, long, int, boolean) (1,211 samples, 33.38%) sun.misc.FloatingDecim.. sun.security.provider.DigestBase.implCompressMultiBlock(byte[], int, int) (16 samples, 0.44%) java.lang.StringBuilder.append(java.lang.String) (1 samples, 0.03%) sun.security.provider.NativePRNG$RandomIO.readFully(java.io.InputStream, byte[]) (2 samples, 0.06%) java.lang.ThreadLocal.get() (43 samples, 1.19%) java.util.Arrays.copyOf(char[], int) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.append(java.lang.String) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.Thread.run() (3,628 samples, 100.00%) java.lang.Thread.run() java.lang.String.getChars(int, int, char[], int) (8 samples, 0.22%) java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(double) (1,839 samples, 50.69%) java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(double) java.math.BigInteger.add(long) (41 samples, 1.13%) sun.security.provider.SHA.implCompress(byte[], int) (31 samples, 0.85%) java.math.BigInteger.add(long) (89 samples, 2.45%) java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(java.math.BigInteger, int, int) (94 samples, 2.59%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator.updateDefaults() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.security.MessageDigest$Delegate.engineUpdate(byte[], int, int) (16 samples, 0.44%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.JFRImpl.destroy() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.StringBuilder.(init)() (43 samples, 1.19%) sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.getBinaryToASCIIBuffer() (43 samples, 1.19%) java.lang.String.(init)(char[], int, int) (2 samples, 0.06%) java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(java.math.BigInteger, int, int) (17 samples, 0.47%) java.lang.StringCoding.encode(char[], int, int) (4 samples, 0.11%) sun.security.provider.SecureRandom.engineNextBytes(byte[]) (59 samples, 1.63%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.Settings$Aggregator.replaceEventDefaultSets(java.util.Collection) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigDecimal.add(java.math.BigDecimal) (137 samples, 3.78%) java.lang.StringCoding$StringEncoder.encode(char[], int, int) (4 samples, 0.11%) sun.security.provider.NativePRNG$RandomIO.implNextBytes(byte[]) (76 samples, 2.09%) java.lang.ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap.access$000(java.lang.ThreadLocal$ThreadLocalMap, java.lang.ThreadLocal) (42 samples, 1.16%) java.lang.StringCoding.encode(java.lang.String, char[], int, int) (4 samples, 0.11%) java.lang.Double.toString(double) (1,312 samples, 36.16%) java.lang.Double.toString.. sun.security.jca.GetInstance.getInstance(java.lang.String, java.lang.Class, java.lang.String) (1 samples, 0.03%) oracle.jrockit.jfr.JFRImpl.dumpOnExit(oracle.jrockit.jfr.Recording) (1 samples, 0.03%) com.oracle.jrockit.jfr.EventToken.isEnabled() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigDecimal.valueOf(long, int) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.append(java.lang.String) (223 samples, 6.15%) ja.. java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.ensureCapacityInternal(int) (1 samples, 0.03%) sun.security.provider.NativePRNG.engineNextBytes(byte[]) (499 samples, 13.75%) sun.secu.. java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.expandCapacity(int) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigInteger.negate() (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigDecimal.add(long, long, int) (1 samples, 0.03%) java.math.BigDecimal.add(long, int, long, int) (1 samples, 0.03%)

Java Mixed Mode Flame Graph


I'm using "perf-map-agent". Please build it first as mentioned in README.

I ran the highcpu program with "-XX:+PreserveFramePointer" JVM argument.

$ java -XX:+PreserveFramePointer -jar highcpu/target/highcpu-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

In another terminal, I started a perf recording for a minute.

$ sudo perf record -F 99 -g -p `pgrep -f highcpu` -- sleep 60

By default, the highcpu Java program runs for 2 minutes and therefore I waited for a minute to create the Java Symbol Map (I did this in another terminal).


$ cd ~/performance/git-projects/perf-map-agent
$ sudo sleep 60;bin/create-java-perf-map.sh `pgrep -f highcpu`

After the perf recording completed and the symbol file created in /tmp, we can generate the Java mixed-mode flame graph


Let's generate the flame graph.


sample-java-programs$ sudo perf script | ~/performance/brendangregg-git/FlameGraph/stackcollapse-perf.pl > /tmp/out.perf-folded
sample-java-programs$ cat /tmp/out.perf-folded | ~/performance/brendangregg-git/FlameGraph/flamegraph.pl --color=java --width 1680  > /tmp/highcpu-perf.svg


Flame Graph Reset Zoom Search pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (46 samples, 0.28%) _ZN13SharedRuntime26complete_monitor_locking_CEP7oopDescP9BasicLockP10JavaThread (147 samples, 0.90%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) SpinPause (5 samples, 0.03%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) do_futex (31 samples, 0.19%) handle_mm_fault (15 samples, 0.09%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (11 samples, 0.07%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (59 samples, 0.36%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (5 samples, 0.03%) native_write_msr_safe (52 samples, 0.32%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) java/lang/Thread:.sleep (95 samples, 0.58%) perf_pmu_enable (40 samples, 0.24%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (5 samples, 0.03%) hrtimer_interrupt (10 samples, 0.06%) pick_next_entity (4 samples, 0.02%) enqueue_task_fair (9 samples, 0.06%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) do_futex (46 samples, 0.28%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) [unknown] (190 samples, 1.16%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) sun/misc/FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer:.dtoa (9 samples, 0.06%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (20 samples, 0.12%) __schedule (5 samples, 0.03%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (7 samples, 0.04%) wake_up_process (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (4 samples, 0.02%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (11 samples, 0.07%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) java/lang/StringBuilder:.toString (11 samples, 0.07%) remote_function (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) page_fault (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZL4highd (4 samples, 0.02%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN12MutableSpace12cas_allocateEm (4 samples, 0.02%) hrtimer_wakeup (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (4 samples, 0.02%) tick_sched_timer (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13WatcherThread3runEv (23 samples, 0.14%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize16do_cleanup_tasksEv (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) sun/misc/FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer:.getChars (21 samples, 0.13%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) __run_hrtimer (7 samples, 0.04%) jlong_disjoint_arraycopy (1,696 samples, 10.37%) jlong.. x86_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (8 samples, 0.05%) _Z5fabsdd (9 samples, 0.06%) finish_task_switch (41 samples, 0.25%) call_stub (15,579 samples, 95.30%) call_stub system_call_fastpath (32 samples, 0.20%) perf_event_context_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) finish_task_switch (8 samples, 0.05%) __schedule (12 samples, 0.07%) scheduler_tick (6 samples, 0.04%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (4 samples, 0.02%) java/lang/AbstractStringBuilder:.append (8 samples, 0.05%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) wake_up_process (7 samples, 0.04%) _new_array_nozero_Java (285 samples, 1.74%) _ZN20ParallelScavengeHeap12mem_allocateEmPb (24 samples, 0.15%) ttwu_do_activate.constprop.93 (11 samples, 0.07%) x86_pmu_enable (52 samples, 0.32%) __alloc_pages_nodemask (15 samples, 0.09%) tick_sched_handle.isra.16 (12 samples, 0.07%) handle_mm_fault (5 samples, 0.03%) extract_entropy_user (9 samples, 0.06%) hrtimer_interrupt (6 samples, 0.04%) try_to_wake_up (9 samples, 0.06%) java/math/BigDecimal:.subtract (382 samples, 2.34%) _ZN12CompileQueue3getEv (59 samples, 0.36%) scheduler_tick (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN10JavaThread44check_safepoint_and_suspend_for_native_transEPS_ (10 samples, 0.06%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor6EnterIEP6Thread (110 samples, 0.67%) __schedule (62 samples, 0.38%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (63 samples, 0.39%) activate_task (5 samples, 0.03%) page_fault (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (12 samples, 0.07%) pick_next_task_fair (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) flush_smp_call_function_queue (4 samples, 0.02%) group_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) update_process_times (7 samples, 0.04%) Interpreter (149 samples, 0.91%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN9OopMapSet6all_doEPK5framePK11RegisterMapP10OopClosurePFvPP7oopDescSA_ES7_ (5 samples, 0.03%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) retint_careful (13 samples, 0.08%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (41 samples, 0.25%) enqueue_task_fair (4 samples, 0.02%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) try_to_wake_up (7 samples, 0.04%) apic_timer_interrupt (32 samples, 0.20%) java/util/UUID:.randomUUID (31 samples, 0.19%) retint_careful (5 samples, 0.03%) sys_sched_yield (5 samples, 0.03%) x86_pmu_enable (12 samples, 0.07%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_commit_txn (4 samples, 0.02%) dequeue_task_fair (9 samples, 0.06%) futex_wait_queue_me (59 samples, 0.36%) sys_futex (17 samples, 0.10%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule_user (6 samples, 0.04%) call_function_single_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) sun/security/provider/NativePRNG$RandomIO:.implNextBytes (30 samples, 0.18%) _ZN13GCTaskManager8get_taskEj (61 samples, 0.37%) try_to_wake_up (6 samples, 0.04%) try_to_wake_up (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (12 samples, 0.07%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (5 samples, 0.03%) vfs_read (357 samples, 2.18%) schedule (8 samples, 0.05%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) __sched_yield (5 samples, 0.03%) perf_event_context_sched_in (12 samples, 0.07%) jshort_arraycopy (10 samples, 0.06%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) system_call_fastpath (17 samples, 0.10%) _ZN8VMThread4loopEv (54 samples, 0.33%) native_write_msr_safe (8 samples, 0.05%) __memmove_ssse3_back (7 samples, 0.04%) perf_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (60 samples, 0.37%) ttwu_do_activate.constprop.93 (5 samples, 0.03%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) perf_event_context_sched_in (52 samples, 0.32%) _ZN2os5sleepEP6Threadlb (88 samples, 0.54%) tick_sched_handle.isra.16 (4 samples, 0.02%) call_rwsem_down_write_failed (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13InstanceKlass17allocate_instanceEP6Thread (10 samples, 0.06%) system_call_fastpath (5 samples, 0.03%) perf_event_context_sched_in (60 samples, 0.37%) security_file_permission (13 samples, 0.08%) [unknown] (378 samples, 2.31%) perf_pmu_enable (41 samples, 0.25%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (91 samples, 0.56%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (12 samples, 0.07%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_pmu_enable (16 samples, 0.10%) __schedule (8 samples, 0.05%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (11 samples, 0.07%) enqueue_task_fair (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (72 samples, 0.44%) do_futex (71 samples, 0.43%) _ZN10JavaThread40check_special_condition_for_native_transEPS_ (10 samples, 0.06%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (8 samples, 0.05%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) hrtimer_interrupt (9 samples, 0.06%) __alloc_pages_nodemask (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN12VM_Operation8evaluateEv (8 samples, 0.05%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) __do_softirq (7 samples, 0.04%) do_futex (17 samples, 0.10%) common_file_perm (10 samples, 0.06%) java/util/UUID:.toString (5 samples, 0.03%) compact_zone_order (5 samples, 0.03%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) hrtimer_interrupt (23 samples, 0.14%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule (42 samples, 0.26%) remote_function (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_commit_txn (4 samples, 0.02%) intel_pmu_enable_all (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZNK8CodeBlob9is_zombieEv (6 samples, 0.04%) wake_up_process (9 samples, 0.06%) all (16,348 samples, 100%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) tick_sched_handle.isra.16 (5 samples, 0.03%) vfs_read (12 samples, 0.07%) system_call_fastpath (372 samples, 2.28%) x86_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) tick_sched_timer (7 samples, 0.04%) _ZN9JavaCalls11call_helperEP9JavaValueP12methodHandleP17JavaCallArgumentsP6Thread (15,579 samples, 95.30%) _ZN9JavaCalls11call_helperEP9JavaValueP12methodHandleP17JavaCallArgum.. sys_futex (8 samples, 0.05%) java/lang/StrictMath:.atan (13 samples, 0.08%) finish_task_switch (40 samples, 0.24%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) __run_hrtimer (5 samples, 0.03%) perf_event_context_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) do_page_fault (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) enqueue_task (4 samples, 0.02%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (12 samples, 0.07%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (58 samples, 0.35%) __alloc_pages_direct_compact (5 samples, 0.03%) handle_irq (4 samples, 0.02%) irq_exit (7 samples, 0.04%) java/math/BigDecimal:.init (27 samples, 0.17%) jfabs (75 samples, 0.46%) try_to_wake_up (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZNK20ParallelScavengeHeap29can_elide_tlab_store_barriersEv (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (8 samples, 0.05%) jshort_arraycopy (4 samples, 0.02%) jfabs (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN11OptoRuntime18new_array_nozero_CEP5KlassiP10JavaThread (278 samples, 1.70%) intel_pmu_enable_all (40 samples, 0.24%) java/io/FileInputStream:.read (5 samples, 0.03%) system_call_fastpath (9 samples, 0.06%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) update_process_times (4 samples, 0.02%) __fget_light (8 samples, 0.05%) compact_zone (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN14TypeArrayKlass15allocate_commonEibP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN29VM_ParallelGCFailedAllocation4doitEv (8 samples, 0.05%) compact_zone (15 samples, 0.09%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (16 samples, 0.10%) __schedule (15 samples, 0.09%) compact_zone_order (15 samples, 0.09%) java/lang/StringBuilder:.append (27 samples, 0.17%) x86_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) __run_hrtimer (4 samples, 0.02%) apic_timer_interrupt (15 samples, 0.09%) futex_wait (54 samples, 0.33%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_mprotect (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (8 samples, 0.05%) pthread_cond_signal@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (32 samples, 0.20%) pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (74 samples, 0.45%) _ZN9CodeCache9find_blobEPv (14 samples, 0.09%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (56 samples, 0.34%) urandom_read (10 samples, 0.06%) schedule (17 samples, 0.10%) sys_futex (46 samples, 0.28%) apparmor_file_permission (10 samples, 0.06%) intel_pmu_enable_all (8 samples, 0.05%) apic_timer_interrupt (20 samples, 0.12%) _ZN13CompileBroker25invoke_compiler_on_methodEP11CompileTask (5 samples, 0.03%) [unknown] (461 samples, 2.82%) enqueue_task_fair (4 samples, 0.02%) java/lang/String:.init (33 samples, 0.20%) hrtimer_wakeup (12 samples, 0.07%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule (12 samples, 0.07%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (41 samples, 0.25%) flush_smp_call_function_queue (4 samples, 0.02%) smp_call_function_single_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) __run_hrtimer (9 samples, 0.06%) java (16,348 samples, 100.00%) java retint_careful (11 samples, 0.07%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_pmu_enable (60 samples, 0.37%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (33 samples, 0.20%) sun/security/provider/SHA:.implCompress (71 samples, 0.43%) _ZN21ThreadStateTransition15trans_and_fenceE15JavaThreadStateS0_ (4 samples, 0.02%) enqueue_task (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN14TypeArrayKlass15allocate_commonEibP6Thread (101 samples, 0.62%) _ZN11OptoRuntime27is_deoptimized_caller_frameEP10JavaThread (114 samples, 0.70%) x86_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) __schedule (42 samples, 0.26%) _ZNK13WatcherThread5sleepEv (21 samples, 0.13%) deactivate_task (11 samples, 0.07%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (8 samples, 0.05%) intel_pmu_enable_all (12 samples, 0.07%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (12 samples, 0.07%) apic_timer_interrupt (9 samples, 0.06%) _Z13__ieee754_powdd (50 samples, 0.31%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (17 samples, 0.10%) hrtimer_interrupt (17 samples, 0.10%) ret_from_intr (5 samples, 0.03%) java/math/BigDecimal:.add (286 samples, 1.75%) __do_page_fault (15 samples, 0.09%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (21 samples, 0.13%) jni_SetByteArrayRegion (5 samples, 0.03%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) java/io/FileInputStream:.readBytes (24 samples, 0.15%) java/io/FileInputStream:.read (24 samples, 0.15%) jshort_arraycopy (13 samples, 0.08%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (61 samples, 0.37%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wake_op (31 samples, 0.19%) task_tick_fair (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) system_call_fastpath (8 samples, 0.05%) jni_GetObjectField (16 samples, 0.10%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (46 samples, 0.28%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) com/github/chrishantha/sample/highcpu/MathWorker:.run (5 samples, 0.03%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) hrtimer_wakeup (6 samples, 0.04%) sun/security/provider/NativePRNG$RandomIO:.implNextBytes (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) java/math/BigDecimal:.add (11 samples, 0.07%) enqueue_task (5 samples, 0.03%) enqueue_task (6 samples, 0.04%) perf_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) hrtimer_wakeup (7 samples, 0.04%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (4 samples, 0.02%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (17 samples, 0.10%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (74 samples, 0.45%) x86_pmu_enable (40 samples, 0.24%) _ZN13CollectedHeap24common_mem_allocate_initE11KlassHandlemP6Thread (10 samples, 0.06%) _ZN14JNIHandleBlock15allocate_handleEP7oopDesc (6 samples, 0.04%) try_to_wake_up (25 samples, 0.15%) ttwu_do_activate.constprop.93 (6 samples, 0.04%) _ZNK5frame6senderEP11RegisterMap (77 samples, 0.47%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (52 samples, 0.32%) _ZN7Monitor4lockEP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor20TrySpin_VaryDurationEP6Thread (18 samples, 0.11%) perf_event_context_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) try_to_compact_pages (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN9JavaCalls12call_virtualEP9JavaValue6Handle11KlassHandleP6SymbolS5_P6Thread (15,579 samples, 95.30%) _ZN9JavaCalls12call_virtualEP9JavaValue6Handle11KlassHandleP6SymbolS5.. do_futex (12 samples, 0.07%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN10JavaThread17thread_main_innerEv (15,643 samples, 95.69%) _ZN10JavaThread17thread_main_innerEv Interpreter (15,579 samples, 95.30%) Interpreter update_process_times (4 samples, 0.02%) _complete_monitor_locking_Java (148 samples, 0.91%) wake_up_process (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) readBytes (438 samples, 2.68%) _new_instance_Java (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN9JavaCalls12call_virtualEP9JavaValue11KlassHandleP6SymbolS4_P17JavaCallArgumentsP6Thread (15,579 samples, 95.30%) _ZN9JavaCalls12call_virtualEP9JavaValue11KlassHandleP6SymbolS4_P17Jav.. extract_buf (8 samples, 0.05%) readBytes (24 samples, 0.15%) do_futex (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (20 samples, 0.12%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (6 samples, 0.04%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (9 samples, 0.06%) _ZL12thread_entryP10JavaThreadP6Thread (15,579 samples, 95.30%) _ZL12thread_entryP10JavaThreadP6Thread sun/misc/FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer:.dtoa (9 samples, 0.06%) _ZNK8CodeHeap10find_startEPv (6 samples, 0.04%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN17HandleMarkCleanerD1Ev (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZNK5frame25sender_for_compiled_frameEP11RegisterMap (63 samples, 0.39%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (16 samples, 0.10%) do_futex (17 samples, 0.10%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (9 samples, 0.06%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (9 samples, 0.06%) finish_task_switch (8 samples, 0.05%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (9 samples, 0.06%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (30 samples, 0.18%) schedule_user (13 samples, 0.08%) _ZN10JfrBackend16is_event_enabledE12TraceEventId (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (32 samples, 0.20%) system_call_fastpath (11 samples, 0.07%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13CollectedHeap27post_allocation_setup_arrayE11KlassHandleP8HeapWordi (19 samples, 0.12%) java/util/UUID:.toString (137 samples, 0.84%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (4 samples, 0.02%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_pmu_enable (12 samples, 0.07%) select_task_rq_fair (7 samples, 0.04%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (5 samples, 0.03%) system_call_fastpath (61 samples, 0.37%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (10 samples, 0.06%) _ZN19OldToYoungRootsTask5do_itEP13GCTaskManagerj (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) alloc_pages_vma (5 samples, 0.03%) finish_task_switch (12 samples, 0.07%) futex_wait_queue_me (54 samples, 0.33%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) com/github/chrishantha/sample/highcpu/HashingWorker:.run (4 samples, 0.02%) retint_careful (8 samples, 0.05%) generic_smp_call_function_single_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule (15 samples, 0.09%) hrtimer_wakeup (4 samples, 0.02%) retint_careful (7 samples, 0.04%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN11StringTable17unlink_or_oops_doEP17BoolObjectClosureP10OopClosurePiS4_ (4 samples, 0.02%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (12 samples, 0.07%) apic_timer_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (8 samples, 0.05%) x86_pmu_enable (16 samples, 0.10%) perf_pmu_enable (52 samples, 0.32%) do_IRQ (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN10PSScavenge16invoke_no_policyEv (6 samples, 0.04%) activate_task (6 samples, 0.04%) _ZN13CollectedHeap23allocate_from_tlab_slowE11KlassHandleP6Threadm (14 samples, 0.09%) handle_mm_fault (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (17 samples, 0.10%) _ZN12GCTaskThread3runEv (99 samples, 0.61%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (13 samples, 0.08%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page (5 samples, 0.03%) sun/misc/FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer:.dtoa (2,921 samples, 17.87%) sun/misc/Fl.. __sched_yield (12 samples, 0.07%) pthread_getspecific (14 samples, 0.09%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (9 samples, 0.06%) sys_futex (9 samples, 0.06%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (3,008 samples, 18.40%) jshort_disj.. alloc_pages_vma (15 samples, 0.09%) wake_futex (28 samples, 0.17%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) scheduler_tick (8 samples, 0.05%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (7 samples, 0.04%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) apic_timer_interrupt (22 samples, 0.13%) _ZN20WaitForBarrierGCTask5do_itEP13GCTaskManagerj (12 samples, 0.07%) __vdso_gettimeofday (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13CollectedHeap23allocate_from_tlab_slowE11KlassHandleP6Threadm (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) sun/security/provider/SHA:.implCompress (47 samples, 0.29%) java/util/UUID:.randomUUID (4 samples, 0.02%) tick_sched_timer (12 samples, 0.07%) _raw_spin_lock_irqsave (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_read (370 samples, 2.26%) futex_wait (70 samples, 0.43%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) jlong_disjoint_arraycopy (28 samples, 0.17%) pageblock_pfn_to_page (11 samples, 0.07%) _ZN8VMThread18evaluate_operationEP12VM_Operation (8 samples, 0.05%) native_write_msr_safe (40 samples, 0.24%) sys_futex (17 samples, 0.10%) do_futex (5 samples, 0.03%) intel_pmu_enable_all (52 samples, 0.32%) _raw_spin_lock (4 samples, 0.02%) __vfs_read (331 samples, 2.02%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (4 samples, 0.02%) __run_hrtimer (20 samples, 0.12%) update_process_times (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor10ExitEpilogEP6ThreadP12ObjectWaiter (35 samples, 0.21%) __alloc_pages_direct_compact (15 samples, 0.09%) ttwu_do_activate.constprop.93 (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN11OptoRuntime11new_array_CEP5KlassiP10JavaThread (4 samples, 0.02%) __do_page_fault (5 samples, 0.03%) dequeue_task (9 samples, 0.06%) finish_task_switch (12 samples, 0.07%) generic_smp_call_function_single_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) _new_array_nozero_Java (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (12 samples, 0.07%) sun/misc/FloatingDecimal$BinaryToASCIIBuffer:.getChars (235 samples, 1.44%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN20ParallelScavengeHeap12mem_allocateEmPb (7 samples, 0.04%) tick_sched_timer (7 samples, 0.04%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZNK7nmethod9is_zombieEv (6 samples, 0.04%) schedule (59 samples, 0.36%) sys_sched_yield (11 samples, 0.07%) try_to_compact_pages (15 samples, 0.09%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (8 samples, 0.05%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) do_futex (61 samples, 0.37%) _ZN13SharedRuntime4dpowEdd (64 samples, 0.39%) [unknown] (458 samples, 2.80%) __GI___mprotect (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (16 samples, 0.10%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (8 samples, 0.05%) schedule (5 samples, 0.03%) pick_next_task_fair (7 samples, 0.04%) schedule_user (10 samples, 0.06%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (12 samples, 0.07%) task_tick_fair (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor11NotRunnableEP6ThreadS1_ (6 samples, 0.04%) system_call_fastpath (12 samples, 0.07%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) do_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) ttwu_do_activate.constprop.93 (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule (62 samples, 0.38%) native_write_msr_safe (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN12MutableSpace12cas_allocateEm (5 samples, 0.03%) __perf_event_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) __lll_lock_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) com/github/chrishantha/sample/highcpu/HashingWorker:.run (7,530 samples, 46.06%) com/github/chrishantha/sample/hi.. schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) intel_pmu_enable_all (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN20ThreadInVMfromNativeD1Ev (4 samples, 0.02%) enqueue_entity (5 samples, 0.03%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (20 samples, 0.12%) x86_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN20ParallelScavengeHeap19failed_mem_allocateEm (8 samples, 0.05%) native_write_msr_safe (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN10JavaThread44check_safepoint_and_suspend_for_native_transEPS_ (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN8VMThread3runEv (54 samples, 0.33%) enqueue_task_fair (5 samples, 0.03%) sun/security/provider/NativePRNG$RandomIO:.implNextBytes (625 samples, 3.82%) hrtimer_interrupt (7 samples, 0.04%) futex_wait_queue_me (9 samples, 0.06%) intel_pmu_enable_all (8 samples, 0.05%) __schedule (54 samples, 0.33%) enqueue_task (5 samples, 0.03%) native_write_msr_safe (16 samples, 0.10%) jbyte_arraycopy (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (12 samples, 0.07%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN18CardTableExtension26scavenge_contents_parallelEP16ObjectStartArrayP12MutableSpaceP8HeapWordP18PSPromotionManagerjj (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (5 samples, 0.03%) intel_pmu_enable_all (60 samples, 0.37%) __perf_event_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) __run_hrtimer (10 samples, 0.06%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) dequeue_entity (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) wake_up_process (6 samples, 0.04%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (10 samples, 0.06%) __run_hrtimer (22 samples, 0.13%) hrtimer_wakeup (9 samples, 0.06%) native_write_msr_safe (8 samples, 0.05%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) Java_java_lang_StrictMath_atan (6 samples, 0.04%) perf_event_context_sched_in (40 samples, 0.24%) _ZN7Monitor5ILockEP6Thread (4 samples, 0.02%) _mix_pool_bytes (56 samples, 0.34%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (14 samples, 0.09%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5beginEv (28 samples, 0.17%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait_queue_me (17 samples, 0.10%) java/math/BigDecimal:.init (1,047 samples, 6.40%) ja.. perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule_user (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN10JavaThread7oops_doEP10OopClosureP10CLDClosureP15CodeBlobClosure (8 samples, 0.05%) schedule (8 samples, 0.05%) enqueue_entity (5 samples, 0.03%) java/io/FileInputStream:.read (449 samples, 2.75%) do_futex (9 samples, 0.06%) java/lang/StrictMath:.atan (662 samples, 4.05%) j.. finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) java/math/BigDecimal:.subtract (14 samples, 0.09%) hrtimer_interrupt (20 samples, 0.12%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) futex_wait (59 samples, 0.36%) _ZN10JavaThread3runEv (15,643 samples, 95.69%) _ZN10JavaThread3runEv JVM_Sleep (94 samples, 0.57%) try_to_wake_up (11 samples, 0.07%) do_page_fault (5 samples, 0.03%) intel_pmu_enable_all (16 samples, 0.10%) _ZL4highd (6 samples, 0.04%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (11 samples, 0.07%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) com/github/chrishantha/sample/highcpu/MathWorker:.run (7,570 samples, 46.31%) com/github/chrishantha/sample/hi.. sha_transform (4 samples, 0.02%) ttwu_do_activate.constprop.93 (5 samples, 0.03%) activate_task (5 samples, 0.03%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) jlong_disjoint_arraycopy (101 samples, 0.62%) tick_sched_handle.isra.16 (7 samples, 0.04%) _ZL3lowd (6 samples, 0.04%) system_call_fastpath (46 samples, 0.28%) __schedule (6 samples, 0.04%) intel_pmu_enable_all (12 samples, 0.07%) intel_pmu_enable_all (41 samples, 0.25%) futex_wait (12 samples, 0.07%) jni_GetArrayLength (4 samples, 0.02%) pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (17 samples, 0.10%) schedule_user (11 samples, 0.07%) __run_hrtimer (16 samples, 0.10%) [unknown] (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN13CompileBroker20compiler_thread_loopEv (64 samples, 0.39%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (18 samples, 0.11%) system_call_fastpath (55 samples, 0.34%) do_futex (55 samples, 0.34%) do_page_fault (15 samples, 0.09%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) __vfs_read (11 samples, 0.07%) jatan (592 samples, 3.62%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN13CollectedHeap23allocate_from_tlab_slowE11KlassHandleP6Threadm (7 samples, 0.04%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (40 samples, 0.24%) java/lang/AbstractStringBuilder:.append (120 samples, 0.73%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (9 samples, 0.06%) __fdget_pos (8 samples, 0.05%) activate_task (4 samples, 0.02%) system_call_fastpath (12 samples, 0.07%) system_call_fastpath (17 samples, 0.10%) futex_wait_queue_me (43 samples, 0.26%) copy_user_enhanced_fast_string (9 samples, 0.06%) do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page (15 samples, 0.09%) __fget_light (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN9StealTask5do_itEP13GCTaskManagerj (11 samples, 0.07%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) apic_timer_interrupt (7 samples, 0.04%) perf_pmu_enable (12 samples, 0.07%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) _new_array_Java (5 samples, 0.03%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (12 samples, 0.07%) __do_page_fault (4 samples, 0.02%) rw_verify_area (19 samples, 0.12%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) enqueue_task (10 samples, 0.06%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor5enterEP6Thread (140 samples, 0.86%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN10JavaThread44check_safepoint_and_suspend_for_native_transEPS_ (4 samples, 0.02%) sha_transform (164 samples, 1.00%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN9CodeCache9find_blobEPv (8 samples, 0.05%) futex_wait (4 samples, 0.02%) sys_futex (55 samples, 0.34%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZNK8CodeHeap10find_startEPv (7 samples, 0.04%) futex_wait_queue_me (4 samples, 0.02%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (60 samples, 0.37%) __schedule (8 samples, 0.05%) pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (5 samples, 0.03%) sys_futex (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN8VMThread7executeEP12VM_Operation (5 samples, 0.03%) java/math/BigDecimal:.subtract (14 samples, 0.09%) native_write_msr_safe (60 samples, 0.37%) wake_up_process (12 samples, 0.07%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) start_thread (15,819 samples, 96.76%) start_thread smp_call_function_single_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (55 samples, 0.34%) java/io/FileInputStream:.readBytes (446 samples, 2.73%) perf_pmu_enable (12 samples, 0.07%) jlong_disjoint_arraycopy (11 samples, 0.07%) local_apic_timer_interrupt (23 samples, 0.14%) __fget (8 samples, 0.05%) jni_GetArrayLength (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN13SharedRuntime4dpowEdd (4 samples, 0.02%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (52 samples, 0.32%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) enqueue_task_fair (6 samples, 0.04%) native_write_msr_safe (8 samples, 0.05%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) perf_event_context_sched_in (16 samples, 0.10%) sys_futex (5 samples, 0.03%) system_call_fastpath (72 samples, 0.44%) schedule (54 samples, 0.33%) _ZNK8CodeHeap10find_startEPv (6 samples, 0.04%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (12 samples, 0.07%) activate_task (10 samples, 0.06%) _ZN22ParallelTaskTerminator17offer_terminationEP20TerminatorTerminator (5 samples, 0.03%) jbyte_disjoint_arraycopy (10 samples, 0.06%) perf_event_context_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) account (6 samples, 0.04%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (41 samples, 0.25%) finish_task_switch (52 samples, 0.32%) _ZN11OptoRuntime14new_instance_CEP5KlassP10JavaThread (12 samples, 0.07%) jni_SetByteArrayRegion (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7nmethod21get_deopt_original_pcEPK5frame (11 samples, 0.07%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (4 samples, 0.02%) sun/security/provider/ByteArrayAccess:.b2iBig64 (6 samples, 0.04%) memset (8 samples, 0.05%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN5frame16oops_do_internalEP10OopClosureP10CLDClosureP15CodeBlobClosureP11RegisterMapb (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN10PSScavenge6invokeEv (8 samples, 0.05%) java/math/BigDecimal:.init (10 samples, 0.06%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (4 samples, 0.02%) hrtimer_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) run_timer_softirq (5 samples, 0.03%) apic_timer_interrupt (11 samples, 0.07%) activate_task (5 samples, 0.03%) schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZL10java_startP6Thread (15,819 samples, 96.76%) _ZL10java_startP6Thread extract_buf (297 samples, 1.82%) page_fault (15 samples, 0.09%) perf_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) extract_entropy_user (316 samples, 1.93%) sys_read (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (58 samples, 0.35%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) smp_apic_timer_interrupt (19 samples, 0.12%) _ZN9OopMapSet19update_register_mapEPK5frameP11RegisterMap (21 samples, 0.13%) futex_wait (9 samples, 0.06%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (5 samples, 0.03%) pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor28lock_without_safepoint_checkEv (4 samples, 0.02%) group_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN15ThreadRootsTask5do_itEP13GCTaskManagerj (8 samples, 0.05%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor11NotRunnableEP6ThreadS1_ (5 samples, 0.03%) system_call_fastpath (5 samples, 0.03%) urandom_read (329 samples, 2.01%) __perf_event_task_sched_in (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN20SafepointSynchronize5blockEP10JavaThread (4 samples, 0.02%) __mix_pool_bytes (59 samples, 0.36%) intel_pmu_enable_all (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) _ZN7Monitor5IWaitEP6Threadl (5 samples, 0.03%) __schedule (10 samples, 0.06%) x86_pmu_enable (41 samples, 0.25%) jshort_disjoint_arraycopy (15 samples, 0.09%) native_write_msr_safe (12 samples, 0.07%) _ZN13ObjectMonitor20TrySpin_VaryDurationEP6Thread (15 samples, 0.09%) retint_careful (10 samples, 0.06%) finish_task_switch (60 samples, 0.37%) rwsem_down_write_failed (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (8 samples, 0.05%) futex_wait_queue_me (64 samples, 0.39%) _ZN7Monitor4waitEblb (4 samples, 0.02%) x86_pmu_enable (4 samples, 0.02%) finish_task_switch (4 samples, 0.02%) system_call_fastpath (4 samples, 0.02%) schedule_user (8 samples, 0.05%) call_function_single_interrupt (4 samples, 0.02%) native_write_msr_safe (8 samples, 0.05%) perf_pmu_enable (8 samples, 0.05%) intel_pmu_enable_all (8 samples, 0.05%) wake_up_state (27 samples, 0.17%) system_call_after_swapgs (5 samples, 0.03%) _ZN13SharedRuntime28complete_monitor_unlocking_CEP7oopDescP9BasicLock (38 samples, 0.23%) __schedule (17 samples, 0.10%) __schedule (4 samples, 0.02%) intel_pmu_enable_all (12 samples, 0.07%)

Summary


When we compare the Flame Graphs, we can see the importance of Java Mixed Mode Flame Graphs. Since there are system code paths in addition to Java methods, we can clearly see all CPU consuming functions.  For example, in above Mixed Mode Flame Graph, we can see HashingWorker threads also consume more CPU. With Flame Graph generated with JFR, we see that MathWorker threads consume more CPU. Please see the flame-graphs in my GitHub repo.

With perf_events, we can do system profiling. The Java "-XX:+PreserveFramePointer" JVM argument and perf-map-agent help to create the Java Symbol Table for perf. The CPU Mixed-Mode Flame graphs can nicely show all CPU consumers in one visualization.

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